Characterization of ecology and micropropagation of the Myrica esculenta Buch. - Ham. Ex D. don species in Lam Dong province
Keywords:
Myrica esculenta in vitro, WPM medium, Myrica esculenta Lam Dong, Myrica esculenta’s ecologyAbstract
Myrica esculenta, a medicinal plant belonging to the group of Actinorhizal
plants with different uses, is proved to be useful in farming on nitrogen-depleted soils. The study of the distributive, silvicultural and ecological characteristics, and micropropagation methods will be the basis for building a model
of growing Thanh mai tree under the canopy of Pine forests in Lam Dong
province. The M. esculentain Lam Dong has different distribution areas and
patterns; These small fruit species, grown in Don Duong, Duc Trong, Lam Ha,
Dam Rong, Da Lat and a part of Di Linh district, pertain to composition of
species that are significant to the forest floor, this is a light-loving and drought
tolerant plant, with low humus soils, low pH (< 5.5). By contrast, the large
fruit species distributed mainly in Bidoup - Nui Ba National Park, pattern
were scattered throughout the area, most of the individuals in small clusters
(2-3 individuals) were shade tolerant plants, growing along streams, with high
humus soils, pH average (6-7). In Micropropagation of Myrica esculenta, the
mature nuts of M. esculentawere used as primary explants for establishing
shoot cultures. The growth of M. esculentashoot cultures was compared on
media differing in nutrient formulation, Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium
and Woody plant medium (WPM), concentrations of 6- benzyladenine (BA)
(0.5-1.5 mg/l), α-naphthaleneaceticd (NAA) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA)
concentration (0.5-1.5 mg/l). During the 9 weeks culture passage there was no
significant difference among two media, the WPM medium and MS medium.
However, the stem and leaf segments of the sample M. esculentain WPM medium were larger, straighter and stronger than those of MS medium. The best
BA concentration for M. esculentaexplants was 0.5 mg/l BA. The optimal
NAA concentration in the induction medium for rooting of microcuttings was
0.5 mg/l NAA applied for 7 weeks in root media. The acclimatization of rooted microcuttings was difficult because the tendency to dessicate of plantlets
and because of the occurrence of diseases due to high humidity in the greenhouse. Nevertheless, 70-75% of the M. esculentaplantlets were successfully
established in the greenhouse and the results also indicated that the mixed
medium between 50% coir soil + 50% Perlite was better growth than the other
treatments
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