In vitro propagation for superior families of Acacia crassicarpa A. Cunn. ex Benth. providing for Clonal Family Forestry

Abstract

Clonal Family Forestry (CFF) was applied successfully for Acacia crassicarpa in Indonesia, which is a method using vegetative propagation methods to multiply the seedlings from superior individual trees within superior family, without retention of individual clone identities. This study on tissue culture propagation for 5 superior families of Acacia crassicarpa in the second generation seed orchard have been conducted as CFF method. Acacia crassicarpa seeds were washed thoroughly under running tap water for 3 - 5 minutes then cleaned with soap solution. Seeds were washed 3 to 5 times with sterile distilled water and were treated to break dormancy by hot water for 1 minutes. The seeds were then treated with 0.1% HgCl2 for 5 minutes or 0.05% HgCl2 for 7 minutes. Finally, the seeds were washed 3 to 5 times with sterile distilled water and were placed in culture bottle containing hormone free MS* medium prepared with 30 g/L sucrose and 4.5g/L agar. The pH of the medium was adjusted to 5.8 before autoclaving at 121°C for 20 minutes at 1.2 kg/cm2 pressure. The result achieved 23.3% of germination. The medium MS* + 1.5 mg/L BAP + 2.0 mg/L NAA + 2.0 g/L activated charcoal was sucessfully used for inducing the adventitious shoots with maximum 8,9 shoots per clump, which equals to average multiplication rate of 4.3 and adventitious shoot percentage of 42.8%. The best rooting responses were observed in the medium 1/2MS* supplemented with 1.0mg/L IBA and the rooting rate reached to 83.2%. At 7 subcultures (25 days per cycle), the ontogenetic ageing of explants will appear. Using the micropropagation technique, an estimated 2453 plantlets (3 months) could be produced from a single seed after 7 subcultures