Study on morphological, phenology and seed characteristics of Artocarpus chama Buchanan-Hamilton in Yen Bai and Lao Cai provinces

Abstract

Artocarpus chama Buchanan-Hamilton belongs to the Moraceae family, is a multi-purpose indigenous tree with high economic value and fast growth. The wood is heavy, hard, durable, has good physical and mechanical properties, is not subject to termites, wood used to make high-class furniture and household appliances. The results of research on the morphological, phenology and seed characteristics show that: This is a large tree, it can reach to 15 - 30 m high and 40 - 50 cm diameter at breast height (there are even trees up to more than 1 m) in natural conditions; the trunk is cylindrical, straight, height under branches is large; This is an incomplete deciduous tree, the deciduous process usually lasts from 46 to 50 days; The phase of buds and young leaves lasts from February to April every year; Development stage from flowering to fruit ripening usually lasts from April to August, the maximum amount of ripe fruit is usually from about mid-July to mid- August, the width of the seeds is 0.2 - 0.6 cm, the length of the seeds is 0.6 - 1.1 cm, seeds when dried are silver-gray. The seed volume ranges from 582.3 - 622.7 g/1,000 seeds, the percentage of firm seeds is from 84.3 - 86.5% and seed has the highest germination rate (86.3%) on the substrate of black sand.