BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PRESERVATION METHOD

Abstract

Bambusa longissima sp. nov belongs to the Bambusa genus, Poaceae family, is a medium-sized bamboo species with rather long internodes, which has a high export value of handicraft production. The natural distribution of this plant is concentrated in some districts of Thanh Hoa, Nghe An and Son La provinces. Currently, the natural Bambusa longissima sp. nov forest is increasingly shrinking in area and decreasing in quality. Therefore, the study of physiological characteristics and the preservation techniques of seed to propagate, plant and restore of Bambusa longissima sp. nov forest is very necessary, having both scientific and practical significance. Research results show that the Bambusa longissima sp. nov fruit is known as caryopsis, each fruit has only one seed. Fruits are oval in shape, with thin husk-like shell, gray-white endosperm; average diameter = 4.3 mm, average length = 11.42 mm. The volume of 1,000 seeds is 87.40 grams; 1 kg has an average of 11,447 seeds. The average initial moisture content of the seeds was 35.83%. Seed treatment in warm water, initial temperature (35 - 40^oC) for 4 hours gives the highest germination rate of 80.56%. The time to start germination of seeds under the best conditions is 2 - 3 days, the time from start to finish is 14 - 18 days. Seeds have the highest germination rate at the average initial natural humidity of 35.83%, the germination rate of seeds decreases sharply when the moisture content of the seeds decreases, the seeds completely lose their germinating power at the humidity of 25.50%. The best storage of Bambusa longissima sp. nov seeds is in conditions of initial natural humidity of 35.83%, temperature of 5^oC. The germination rate decreased gradually with storage time, after 1 week the germination rate reached 61.11%, after 2 weeks it decreased to 42.59% and after 5 weeks it was 1.85%.