ESTABLISHMENT OF AN IN VITRO REGENERATION SYSTEM FOR Melia azedarach L. FROM ENDOSPERM EXPLANTS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70169/VJFS.1286Keywords:
Endosperm culture, Melia azedarach L., shoot proliferation, triploid plantsAbstract
Melia azedarach L. is a multipurpose forest tree species of considerable economic and ecological importance. However, the currently available planting materials remain limited in terms of productivity, wood quality, and stress tolerance. This study aimed to establish an in vitro regeneration system for M. azedarach from endosperm explants as a foundation for triploid breeding. The results showed that Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 2.0 mg/L indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) was the most suitable for callus induction, resulting in a callus induction rate of 42.22%. The highest shoot regeneration efficiency was achieved on MS medium containing 1.0 mg/L BAP and 0.2 mg/L α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), with a regeneration rate of 88.9% and an average of 18.22 shoots per explant. Shoot multiplication was most effective on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L BAP, 0.2 mg/L kinetin, and 0.1 mg/L NAA, producing a shoot cluster formation rate of 95.56%, a multiplication coefficient of 3.82, an average of 5.67 usable shoots per explant, and a mean shoot height of 3.47 cm. Rooting was optimal on MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), yielding a rooting rate of 91.11%, an average of 4.5 roots per shoot, and a mean root length of 3.44 cm. The most suitable acclimatization substrate consisted of 50% subsoil (B-horizon soil), 25% carbonized rice husk, and 25% ground coconut coir, resulting in a survival rate of 91.11% and vigorous plant growth. These findings contribute to the establishment of an efficient regeneration protocol for M. azedarach from endosperm explants, providing a valuable source of plant materials for subsequent studies on polyploid induction and forest tree breeding.
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