GENETIC DIVERSITY AND POPULATION STRUCTURE OF WILD Panax sp. IN TUYEN QUANG PROVINCE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70169/VJFS.1341Keywords:
Genetic diversity, in situ, ISSR, Panax sp., Tuyen QuangAbstract
This study assessed the genetic diversity and population structure of wild Panax sp. in Tuyen Quang province using ISSR markers. A total of 40 individuals representing three natural populations were analyzed. Five ISSR primers amplified 47 reproducible DNA fragments (300 - 2500 bp), of which 45 were polymorphic (95.74% at the species level). At the population level, mean genetic diversity parameters were Na = 1.52, Ne = 1.28, Shannon's index I = 0.25, Nei’s gene diversity h = 0.17, and percentage of polymorphic bands PPB = 51.77%. Genetic diversity was highest in Sinh Long, followed by Khuon Ha, and lowest in Thuong Lam. AMOVA revealed that 55% of the total genetic variation occurred among populations, whereas 45% resided within populations (PhiPT = 0.55, P = 0.001). The differentiation coefficient GST = 0.47 and estimated gene flow Nm = 0.57 demonstrated high population differentiation and restricted gene exchange. Nei’s genetic distance, UPGMA dendrogram, and PCoA ordination consistently clustered Thuong Lam and Khuon Ha together, while Sinh Long formed a well-differentiated lineage. A Mantel test supported an isolation-by-distance (IBD) pattern with a significant positive correlation (Rxy = 0.41, P = 0.001). These findings emphasize the need to prioritize complementary in situ conservation of all three wild Panax sp. populations in Tuyen Quang.
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