DNA BARCODING CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RBCL AND TRNF - TRNL REGIONS IN XUAN NHA PINE (Pinus cernua L.K. Phan ex Aver., K.S. Nguyen & T.H. Nguyen) FOR SPECIES IDENTIFICATION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70169/VJFS.1191Keywords:
DNA barcode, rbcL, Pinus cernua, trnF-trnLAbstract
The study characterizes the DNA barcodes of the chloroplast genes rbcL and trnF - trnL in Pinus cernua L.K. Phan ex Aver., K. S. Nguyen & T.H. Nguyen, a rare and endemic five - needle pine species in Vietnam, to supplement species identification data. Leaf samples from five naturally occurring trees at Xuan Nha Nature Reserve (Son La province) were used for DNA extraction with the Qiagen kit, PCR amplification using specific primers, sequencing, and analysis with BioEdit and MEGA12 software. Results revealed that the rbcL gene sequence is 519 bp in length, exhibiting high similarity (99.8 - 100%) with closely related pine species such as P. armandii, P. bhutanica, P. morrisonicola and P. wallichiana, reflecting the highly conserved nature of this region. The trnF - trnL sequence is 938 bp long, showing moderate similarity (86.5 - 100%) with species including P. bungeana, P. koraiensis, P. strobus and P. lambertiana, indicating intermediate variability suitable for species identification and phylogenetic studies. Phylogenetic trees constructed from both gene regions consistently demonstrated the close evolutionary relationship of P. cernua with the Asian five - needle pine group. This study reports for the first time the sequences of rbcL and trnF - trnL from Pinus cernua (xuan nha pine) deposited in the International GenBank database, contributing valuable data to Vietnam’s plant DNA barcode repository. Furthermore, the research underscores the potential of combining multiple chloroplast gene regions for accurate classification and identification of rare native pine species, thereby supporting gene resource conservation and forest biodiversity preservation efforts.
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